Question No.1
Answer:
Grapevine communication:
Every organization has an informal communication network that is known as Grapevine. It supplements official channel. It is important source of information. It is casual conversation of an organization.
It is called so because it stretches throughout the organization in all directions
Irrespective of the authority levels Man as we know is a social animal.
Despite existence of formal channels in an organization, the informal channels tend to develop when he interacts with other people in organization. It exists more at lower levels of an organization. Which they form unions. Sometimes the managers show preferential treatment and favor some employees giving a segregated feeling to other employees. Thus, when employees sense a need to exchange their views, they go for grapevine network as they cannot use the formal channel of communication in that case.
Generally during breaks in cafeteria, the subordinates talk about their superior’s attitude and behavior and exchange views with their peers. They discuss rumours about promotion and transfer of other employees. Thus, grapevine spreads like fire and it is not easy to trace the cause of such communication at times.
Examples of Grapevine Network of Communication:
1. CEO may be in relation to the Production Manager. They may have friendly relations with each other.
2. Suppose the profit amount of a company is known. Rumour is spread that this much profit is there and on that basis bonus is declared.
Advantages of Grapevine Communication:
1. Grapevine channels carry information rapidly. As soon as an employee gets to know some
2. The managers get to know the reactions of their subordinates on their policies. Thus, the feedback obtained is quick compared to formal channel of communication.
3. The grapevine creates a sense of unity among the employees who share and discuss their views with each other. Thus, grapevine helps in developing group cohesiveness.
4. The grapevine serves as an emotional supportive value.
5. The grapevine is a supplement in those cases where formal communication does not work. Confidential information, he becomes inquisitive and passes the details then to his closest friend who in turn passes it to other.
Disadvantages of Grapevine Communication:
1. The grapevine carries partial information at times as it is more based on rumours. Thus, it does not clearly depict the complete state of affairs.
2. The grapevine is not trustworthy always as it does not follow official path of communication and is spread more by gossips and unconfirmed report.
3. The productivity of employees may be hampered as they spend more time talking rather than working.
4. The grapevine leads to making hostility against the executives.
5. The grapevine may hamper the goodwill of the organization as it may carry false negative information about the high level people of the organization.
A smart manager should take care of all the disadvantages of the grapevine and try to minimize them. At the same time, he should make best possible use of advantages of grapevine. Grapevine is a effective communication.
Question No.2
Answer:
Rhetorical Theory:
Rhetorical theory is based on the available means of persuasion. That is, a speaker who is interested in persuading his or her audience should consider three rhetorical proofs:
Logical, emotional, and ethical Audiences are key to effective persuasion as well.
Rhetorical syllogism, requiring audiences to supply missing pieces of a speech, are also used in persuasion.
Why is it more important than two other theories of communication?
- Third set of theorists add more dimensions to our understanding of the communication process:
- Communication is not linear, but circular; not just sending a message to be received, but producing a response; not static, but dynamic.
- Rhetorical theorists provide an important addition to a communication model for business communicators.
- Many people caught up in the accuracy forget third crucial variable, producing the desiredresponse form their audience.
- This model is circular, not linear
Question No.3
Answer:
1. For further detail contact at 555-0001.
2. Please enclosed is a copy of the required document.
3. Due to forecast of heavy rain for June 13, the picnic was rescheduled for June 20.
4. He is an admirable man.
5. Ventura County is in California.
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