Quiz MGT502 Solved

1. An organization has started sending its people to training to help them develop more effective leadership styles. The organization is actually in supporting which of the following?
Select correct option:
Trait theories
Behavioral theories Fiedler’s contingency model
The reflection effect

REF.
Behavioral theories

There are behavioral determinants of leadership which can be learned.

People can be trained to be effective leaders

Behavioral theories of leadership

Theories that attempt to isolate behaviors that differentiate effective leaders from ineffective leaders

2. Which of the following is the most productive stage in group development?
Select correct option:

Producing
Increasing
Maturity
Performing

REF.
Stages of Group Development

Forming:
Storming:
Norming:

Performing:during which the group is fully functional

Adjourning:

3. Mr. Rahman discusses job related problems with supervisor and attempts to improve conditions actively. It is an example of which of the following ways through which employees express dissatisfaction?
Select correct option:
Neglect
Loyalty
Exit
Voice
REF.3. Voice: Actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions, including suggesting improvements, discussing problems with superiors, and some forms of union activity

4. Alia has just presented her paper and has done a really good job. Why should you not want to present your own paper directly after she does?
Select correct option:

To avoid the stereotyping effect
To avoid the halo effect
To avoid the contrast effectTo avoid the projection effect

REF.

Contrast Effects

– Evaluations of a person’s characteristics that are affected by comparisons with other

people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristics.

We don’t evaluate a person in isolation.our reaction to a person is influenced by another person we have recently encountered

5. Which of the following is true of people with a Type A personality?
Select correct option:

They are generally content with their place in the world
They generally feel little need to discuss their achievements
They are easy going and relaxed that’s why take no tension of work
They have an intense desire to achieve and are extremely competitive
REF.

Type A individuals have an intense desire to achieve, are extremely competitive, have a senseof urgency, are impatient, and can be hostile

6. The highest level of trust is exhibited in which of the following type of trust?
Select correct option:

Reward-based
Deterrence-based
Knowledge-based
Identification-based
REF.Identification-based trust.

The highest level of trust is achieved when there is a emotional connection between the parties. Identification-based Trust based on an emotional connection between the parties

7. Which of the following best describes supportive leadership style of path-goal theory?
Select correct option:

Leader asks for suggestions
Leader sets challenging goals
Leader shows concern for subordinates Leader gives directions
REF.

Path-Goal Theory
• The supportive leader is friendly and shows concern for the needs of followers

8. Which of the following countries ranks highest in long-term orientation?
Select correct option:

Afghanistan

Bangladesh
Russia
China
REF.

LONG TERM ORIENTATION.

The top five countries with higher long term orientation scores are,CHINA,HONG KONG,TIWAN,

JAPAN

,AND SOUTH COREA

9. Primary change agents in an organization are:
Select correct option:
Employees
Managers Leaders
Stakeholders
REF.

Managers are the primary change agents in most organizations. By the decisions they make and their role-modeling behaviors, they shape the organization’s change culture

10. Which of the following is ‘NOT’ one of the most common reasons people join groups?
Select correct option:
Security
Status
EquityPower

REF.

Why Do People Join Groups

• Security

• Status

• Social needs

• Power

• Goal Achievement

11. Which path-goal leadership style leads to greater satisfaction when tasks are ambiguous or stressful?
Select correct option:

Directive Supportive
Participative
Reactive

REF.

Path-Goal Theory

• Directive leadership leads to greater satisfaction when tasks are ambiguous or stressful than

when they are highly structured and well laid out

12. When a bank robber points a gun at a bank employee, his base of power is:
Select correct option:
CoercivePunitive
Positional
Authoritative

REF.

Coercive Power:

• The coercive power base

is being dependent on fear.

• It rests on the application, or the threat of application, of physical sanctions such as the

infliction of pain, the generation of frustration through restriction of movement, or the

controlling by force of basic physiological or safety needs.

13. ABC Company created task force containing employees from across departments for completion of an important project. It is an example of:

Select correct option:

Virtual Teams
Self-Managed Work Team
Cross-Functional Team Problem-Solving Team

REF.

4. Cross-Functional Teams

A task force is really nothing other than a temporary cross-functional team

14. Determining how tasks are to be grouped is part of which management function?
Select correct option:

Planning
Leading
Controlling
Organizing

REF.

Organizing

Determine what tasks are to be done,who is to do them,how the tasks are to be grouped,who reports to whom,and where decisions are to be made.

15. What are the three classes of factors that influence perception?
Select correct option:

Factors in the setting, factors in the environment and factors in the motives
Factors in the perceiver, factors in the target and factors in the situation
Factors in the character, factors in knowledge and factors in experience
Factors in the personality, factors in the character and factors in the values

REF.

Factors Influencing Perception

• Perceiver

• Target

• Situation

16. Which one of the following is NOT included in the 4-Ps of Continuous Improvement:
Select correct option:

Product
Place People
Processes

REF.

The 4-P Cycle of Continuous Improvement

· People

· Products

· Productivity

· Processes

17. Equity theory was developed by:
Select correct option:

McClelland
Abraham Maslow
Clay Alderfer
J. Stacy Adams

REF.

Equity Theory

J. Stacy Adams developed equity theory,

18. _______________ creates problem for employees when their job requires to display emotions incompatible with their actual feelings
Select correct option:

Depression
Emotional Labor Stress
Anxiety

REF.

Felt vs. Displayed Emotions

1. Emotional labor creates dilemmas for employees when their job requires them to exhibit emotions incongruous with their actual feelings.

19. If a person responds the same way over time, attribution theory states that the behavior shows:
Select correct option:

Distinctiveness
Consensus
ConsistencyContinuity

REF.

• Consistency: Responds in the same way over time

20. Which of the following is NOT a key component of emotional intelligence?
Select correct option:

Self-awareness
Self-management
Commitment Empathy

REF

…..Emotional Intelligencea. Self-awareness
b. Self-management

c. Self-motivation

d. Empathy

e. Social skills.

Another Quiz:-

1. The Fiedler model proposes:
Select correct option:

Changing the leader
Changing the situation
Matching leaders and situations
Changing the employees

REF.

Fiedler contingency model

The first comprehensive contingency model for leadership was developed by Fred Fiedler.the Fiedler contingency model proposes that effective group performance depends on propermatch between the leader s style and the degree to which the situation gives control to the leader

2. An organization has started sending its people to training to help them develop more effective leadership styles. The organization is actually in supporting which of the following?
Select correct option:

Trait theories
Behavioral theories Fiedler’s contingency model
The reflection effect

REF.
Behavioral theories

There are behavioral determinants of leadership which can be learned.

People can be trained to be effective leaders

Behavioral theories of leadership

Theories that attempt to isolate behaviors that differentiate effective leaders from ineffective leaders

3. Which of the following would not be considered an organization?
Select correct option:

Hospital
Charity centers
Red cross
Dairy farmers in Punjab

4. Mr.Muneeb is responsible for corrective actions when his organization faces important and unexpected disturbance. What management role is he playing?
Select correct option:

Negotiator
Disturbance handler
Resource Allocator
Dissemenator

REF.

• Disturbance handlers—take corrective action in response to unforeseen problems

5. Self-managed teams are typically comprised of how many members?
Select correct option:

2-5
5-10
10-15
Over 100

REF.

Self-Managed Work Teams

• These groups of employees (typically 10–15 in number) perform highly related or interdependent jobs and take on many of the responsibilities of their former supervisors

6. The degree to which a person identifies with a job, actively participates in it, and considers performance important to self-worth is known as ________:
Select correct option:

Job Satisfaction
Job Enrichment
Job Specification
Job Involvement

REF.

Job Involvement.

The degree to which a person identifies with a job, actively participates in it, and considers performance important to self-worth

7. Mr.Nasir usually achieves high goals and perform well in difficult tasks because he believes in his abilities. It shows which of the following personality characteristic of Mr. Nasir in organization?
Select correct option:

Self Efficacy
Locus of Control
Self Monitoring
Self Esteem

REF.

• Self-Esteem

Self-esteem is the extent to which people have pride in themselves and their capabilities. Individuals with high self-esteem believe in their abilities and tend to set higher goals andperform more difficult tasks,

8. Which of the following is NOT consistent with rational decision-making?
Select correct option:

Consistency
Value-maximizing
Restraints
Ranking of criteria

REF.

Rational decision-making.

The best decision maker is rational and makes consistent, value-maximizing choices within specified constraint (Restraints).

9. The belief that “violence is wrong” is an evaluative statement. Such an opinion constitutes which of the following component of an attitude?
Select correct option:

CognitiveAffective
Behavioral
Reflective

REF.

The belief that “discrimination is wrong” is a value statement and an example of the cognitive component of an attitude. The aspect of an attitude that is a description of or belief in the way things are.

10. The theory which attempts to determine whether an individual's behavior is internally or externally caused is called:
Select correct option:

Attribution Theory
Contingency Theory
Expectancy Theory
Path-Goal Theory

REF.

Attribution theory suggests that when we observe an individual’s behavior, we attempt to determine whether it was internally or externally caused.

11. Which of the following types of networks is most likely to promote accuracy?
Select correct option:

Chain
Direct
Wheel
All-channel

REF.

The effectiveness of each network depends on the dependent variable you are concerned about. For instance, the structure of the wheel facilitates the emergence of leader, the all-channel network is best if you are concerned with having high member satisfaction, and thechain is best if accuracy is most important.

12. Mr. Ahmed is influenced by Mr. Ali because he is attractive and has desirable resources or personal characteristics. Which of the following sources of power is exhibited by Mr. Ali?
Select correct option:

Legitimate power
Coercive power
Reward power
Referent power

Ref.

Referent power.

Referent power is based on identification with a person who has desirable resources or personal traits.

13. Which of the following is NOT one of the stages of Group Development:
Select correct option:

Storming
Forming
Meeting
Performing

REF.
Stages of Group Development

Forming
Storming
Norming

Performing

Adjourning

14. As a manager, one of Ali’s duties is to present awards to outstanding employees within his department. Which Mintzberg managerial role is Ali performing, when he does this?
Select correct option:

Leadership role
Monitor role
Figurehead role Spokesperson role

REF.

• Figurehead—duties that are ceremonial and symbolic in nature. for instance, when the president of a college hand out diplomas at commencement or a factory supervisor gives a group of college students tour of the plant, he or she is acting in a figurehead role.

15. While managing political behaviors in organization, the manager requires discouraging:
Select correct option:

Negotiation
Relationships
Self interest
Dialogue

REF.

Managing Political Behavior
Encourage	Discourage
Relationships	Negativity
Negotiation	Self-Interest
Compromise	Destructive Behavior

16. Mr.Adnan is an effective and good manager because he has the ability to handle emotions of employees.Which element of Emotional intelligence is Mr.Adnan equipped with?
Select correct option:

Social Skill
Empathy
Self Motivation
Self Management

REF.

Social skills. The ability to handle the emotions of others

17. ABC Company created task force containing employees from across departments for completion of an important project. It is an example of:
Select correct option:

Virtual Teams
Self-Managed Work Team
Cross-Functional Team
Problem-Solving Team

4. Cross-Functional Teams

A task force is really nothing other than a temporary cross-functional team

18. Sana is an honest and straightforward person. She believes her employees are all similarly honest and straightforward, ignoring signs that they may be manipulating her. What perceptual shortcut is Sana most likely using?
Select correct option:

Contrast effect
Halo effect
Stereotyping
Projection

REF.

Projection
– Attributing one’s own characteristics to other people

19. Analyzing relationships, determining causes and effects, and basing conclusions on scientific evidence all constitute aspects of _____________study.
Select correct option:

Organizational
Intuitive
Theoretical
Systematic

REF.

Systematic study.

Looking at relationship, attempting to attribute causes and effects,and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence

20. ALL of the following are perception shortcuts EXCEPT:
Select correct option:

Projection
Stereotyping
Consensus
Halo effect

REF.

Frequently Used Shortcuts in Judging Others

• Selective Perception

• Halo Effect

• Contrast Effects

• Projection

• Stereotyping

Another Quiz:-

1. The more consistent a behavior, the more the observer is inclined to ___.
Select correct option:

Attribute it to interpretation
Attribute it to internal causesAttribute it to consensus
Attribute it to external causes

REF.
6. Consistency in a person’s actions. Does the person respond the same way over time? The moreconsistent the behavior, the more the observer is inclined to attribute it to internal causes.

2. Sana is an honest and straightforward person. She believes her employees are all similarly honest and straightforward, ignoring signs that they may be manipulating her. What perceptual shortcut is Sana most likely using?
Select correct option:

Contrast effect
Halo effect
Stereotyping
Projection

REF.

• Projection

– Attributing one’s own characteristics to other people

3. The employee writes a complaint letter to his manager. Putting his thoughts onto paper is an example of:
Select correct option:

EncodingMessaging
Channeling
Cryptography

• Encoding

– Symbolizing--words, gestures, pictures, signs, etc

– Transmitting--oral, writing, print media, nonverbal cues, electronic media, telephone

4. The application of negative consequences or the withdrawal of positive consequences to reduce the likelihood of repeation of that same behavior is known as:
Select correct option:

Punishment
Negative Reinforcement
Positive Reinforcement
Rewards

REF.

Punishment

• The administration of negative consequences or the withdrawal of positive consequences to reduce the likelihood of repeating the behavior in similar settings

5. Which of the following statements is true?
Select correct option:

Older employees have lower rates of avoidable absence than younger workers
Older employees are more likely to quit their job than younger workers
Older employees are perceived to be more flexible than younger workers
Older employees generally have lower productivity than younger workers

REF.

Age

older employees have lower rates of avoidable absence than do younger employees.

6. Ahmed is responsible to transmit information to outsiders on organization’s plans, policies, actions and results. Which managerial role is he playing in organization?
Select correct option:

Disseminator
Spokesperson
Representative
Figurehead

REF.

• Spokesperson—represent the organization to outsiders on organization’s plans, policies, actions and results;serves as expert an organization s industry.

7. Which of the following statement is TRUE about Type B individuals?
Select correct option:

They are extremely competitive.
They have a sense of urgency,impatient and hostile.
They are fast workers and prefer quantity over quality
They are more relax and easy going.

REF.

Type B individuals are more relaxed and easygoing

8. A management function of a manager in which he/she maintains a network of outside contacts who provides favors and information is:
Select correct option:

Monitor
Leader
Liaison
Entrepreneur

REF.

Liaison.

maintains a network of outside contacts who provides favors and information

9. Which of the following network structure requires high emergence of leadership?
Select correct option:

Wheel
Chain
All-channel
Diverse

REF.

10. Robert Katz identified three essential skills that managers need to have in order to reach their goals. What are these skills?
Select correct option:

Technical, decisional and interpersonal
Technical, human, and conceptual
Interpersonal, informational and decisional
Conceptual, communication and networking

REF.

Management Skills

Robert Katz has identified three essential management skills: technical, human, and conceptual

11. Which path-goal leadership style leads to greater satisfaction when tasks are ambiguous or stressful?
Select correct option:

Directive Supportive
Participative
Reactive

REF.

Path-Goal Theory

• Directive leadership leads to greater satisfaction when tasks are ambiguous or stressful than

when they are highly structured and well laid out

12. A national culture characteristic describing the extend to which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situation and tries to avoid them is called________________
Select correct option:

Short Term Orientation
Long Term Orientation
Uncertainty Avoidance
Performance Orientation

REF.

Uncertainty Avoidance

A national culture characteristic describing the extend to which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situation and tries to avoid them

13. What sort of actions is most likely to be attributed to external causes?
Select correct option:

Actions that have high distinctiveness, high consensus and high consistency
Actions that have high distinctiveness, high consensus and low consistency
Actions that have high distinctiveness, low consensus and low consistency
Actions that have low distinctiveness, low consistency and high consensus

REF.

BOOK BY STEPHEN P.ROBBINS

PAGE NO.160. ATTRIBUTION THEORY.EXHIBIT 5-2

14. Which of the following is NOT true of charismatic leaders?
Select correct option:

They have behavior that is unconventional
They are willing to take high personal risk
They have a vision and the ability to articulate the vision
They show consistency with their followers’ behaviors
REF.
key characteristics of Charismatic Leader

• Vision and articulation

• Personal risk

• Sensitivity to follower needs

• Unconventional behavior

15. E-Organizations rely MORE on:
Select correct option:

Team Decision Making
Individual Decision Making
Virtual-Team Decision Making Group Decision Making

REF.
The e-organization, with its heavy reliance on the Internet, increases potential workplace distractions.Managers need to be particularly alert to the negative effects of cyber-loafing. In addition, the e-org will rely less on individual decision making and more on virtual-team decision making

16. Difficulty in expressing emotions by an individual and understanding other's emotions is termed as:
Select correct option:

Anemia
Thalassemia
Alexithymia
Myopia

REF.
Some people have difficulty in expressing their emotions and understanding the

emotions of others. Psychologists call this alexithymia.

17. Positive Mood includes all the following feelings EXCEPT:
Select correct option:

Excitement
Enthusiasm
Hostility
Overjoy
REF.

When workers are in positive moods, they feel exited, enthusiastic, active,

strong, peppy, or elated. When workers are in negative moods, they feel distressed, fearful, scornful, hostile, jittery, or nervous

18. What term is used for the extent to which an individual displays different behaviors in different situations?
Select correct option:

Continuity
Integrity
Stability
Distinctiveness

REF.

• Distinctiveness: shows different behaviors in different situations.

19. The tendency to be sociable,outspoken and friendly is known as
Select correct option:

Openness to Experience
Self Monitoring
Extroversion
Introversion

REF.

1. Extroversion

Refers to the tendency to be sociable, friendly, and expressive.

20. SWhat does consensus refer to in attribution theory?
Select correct option:

There is general agreement about a perception
Different people perceive a situation similarly
Different people respond the same way in the same situation
All people behave precisely the same way in certain situations
REF.• Consensus: Response is the same as others to same situation.

Another Quiz:-

1. Which of the following statements is true?
Select correct option:

Older employees have lower rates of avoidable absence than younger workers
Older employees are more likely to quit their job than younger workers
Older employees are perceived to be more flexible than younger workers
Older employees generally have lower productivity than younger workers

REF.

Age

older employees have lower rates of avoidable absence than do younger employees.

2. Primary change agents in an organization are:
Select correct option:
Employees
Managers Leaders
Stakeholders
REF.

Managers are the primary change agents in most organizations. By the decisions they make and their role-modeling behaviors, they shape the organization’s change culture

3. Biological Characteristics included the following EXCEPT:
Select correct option:

Marital Status
Gender
Color
Age

REF.

Biographical Characteristics

• Age
• Gender
• Marital status
• Length of service, etc.

4. Which of the following leadership behaviors are identified by the path-goal theory?
Select correct option:

Supportive, employee-oriented, laissez-faire and participative
Achievement-oriented, supportive, humanistic, and directive
Participative, achievement-oriented, directive, and supportive
Directive, participative, supportive, and laissez-faire

REF.

Path-goal theory .

.Leaders need to adjust the type of behavior they engage in (directive, supportive, participative, or achievement-oriented) to correspond to the nature of

the subordinates they are dealing with and the type of work they are doing.

5. Protecting the interests of deprived and less powerful is known as__________
Select correct option:

Obligation
Right
Justice
Duty

REF.

• Justice

a. Protects the interests of the underrepresented and less powerful

6. Which of the following is NOT a key component of emotional intelligence? Select correct option:
Self-awareness
Self-management
Commitment
Empathy

REF

…..Emotional Intelligencea. Self-awareness
b. Self-management

c. Self-motivation

d. Empathy

e. Social skills

7. Which of the following is ‘NOT’ one of the most common reasons people join groups?
Select correct option:
Security
Status
EquityPower

REF.

Why Do People Join Groups

• Security

• Status

• Social needs

• Power

• Goal Achievement

8. What do we call it when we judge someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which he/she belongs?

Select correct option:

Stereotyping

Categorizing

Halo effect

Prototyping

REF.

3. Stereotyping

• Stereotyping—judging someone on the basis of our perception of the group to which

he or she belongs

9. While managing political behaviors in organization, the manager requires discouraging:
Select correct option:

Negotiation
Relationships
Self interest
Dialogue

REF.

Managing Political Behavior
Encourage	Discourage
Relationships	Negativity
Negotiation	Self-Interest
Compromise	Destructive Behavior

10. Which of the following are identified as new managerial functions?

Planning and organizing

Leading and controlling

Directing and monitoring

TQM and continuous improvement

REF.

New Management Functions

New Managerial Functions
To provide leadership and direction
Total Quality Management	Continuous Improvement

11. Which path-goal leadership style leads to greater satisfaction when tasks are ambiguous or stressful?
Select correct option:

Directive Supportive
Participative
Reactive

REF.

Path-Goal Theory

• Directive leadership leads to greater satisfaction when tasks are ambiguous or stressful than

when they are highly structured and well laid out

12. Which of the following statement is TRUE about Type B individuals?
Select correct option:

They are extremely competitive.
They have a sense of urgency,impatient and hostile.
They are fast workers and prefer quantity over quality
They are more relax and easy going.

REF.

Type B individuals are more relaxed and easygoing

13. A national culture characteristic describing the extend to which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situation and tries to avoid them is called________________
Select correct option:

Short Term Orientation
Long Term Orientation
Uncertainty Avoidance
Performance Orientation

REF.

Uncertainty Avoidance

A national culture characteristic describing the extend to which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situation and tries to avoid them

14. E-Organizations rely MORE on:
Select correct option:

Team Decision Making
Individual Decision Making
Virtual-Team Decision Making Group Decision Making

15. Mr. Rahman discusses job related problems with supervisor and attempts to improve conditions actively. It is an example of which of the following ways through which employees express dissatisfaction?
Select correct option:
Neglect
Loyalty
Exit
Voice
REF.3. Voice: Actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions, including suggesting improvements, discussing problems with superiors, and some forms of union activity

16. What are the three classes of factors that influence perception?
Select correct option:

Factors in the setting, factors in the environment and factors in the motives
Factors in the perceiver, factors in the target and factors in the situation
Factors in the character, factors in knowledge and factors in experience
Factors in the personality, factors in the character and factors in the values

REF.

Factors Influencing Perception

• Perceiver

• Target

• Situation

17. Faizan, a supervisor, has to choose between two different suggestions offered by employees about work schedule. Which one of the following will be most suitable for Faizan?

Inductive reasoning

Spatial visualization

Deductive reasoning

Perception

REF.

Page no.49 book by Stephen p.robbins

Dimension	Description	Job example
Deductive reasoning	Ability to use logic and assess the iplication of an argument	Supervisor;choosing between two different suggestion offered by employees

18. Which of the following groups is defined by the organization’s structure?

Informal

Friendship

Interest

Formal

REF.

Formal groups—those defined by the organization’s structure, with designated work assignments establishing tasks

a. The behaviors that one should engage in are stipulated by and directed toward organizational goals.

b. An airline flight crew is an example

of a formal group

19. Which of the following is true of people with a Type A personality?
Select correct option:

They are generally content with their place in the world
They generally feel little need to discuss their achievements
They are easy going and relaxed that’s why take no tension of work
They have an intense desire to achieve and are extremely competitive
REF.

Type A individuals have an intense desire to achieve, are extremely competitive, have a senseof urgency, are impatient, and can be hostile

20. Which of the following are the two dimensions of leader behavior explained in the Ohio State studies?

Initiating structure and consideration

Employee-oriented and production-oriented

Concern for people and concern for production

Operant conditioning and classical conditioning

REF.

The Ohio State Studies

• The most comprehensive and replicated of the behavioral theories resulted from research that

began at Ohio State University in the late 1940s. These researchers sought to identify

independent dimensions of leader behavior.

• They narrowed over a thousand dimensions into two dimensions—initiating structure and consideration.