Assignment No. 01
Semester Fall 2011
Introduction to Computing-CS101
Total Marks: 15
Due Date: 31-10-2011
Q.1. There are multiple ways to enhance the performance of a computer system. Discuss what role a cache can play in boosting up the performance of a computer system? (5 Marks)
Q.2. Generally there is a concept that “Memory” and “Storage” are same terms. Do you agree? Justify your opinion with a real life example. (5 Marks)
Q.3. Convert the following Octal Number to Hexadecimal Number by writing each and every step of conversion process: (5 Marks)
(53324)8 => (?)16
Solution:
Q.1. There are multiple ways to enhance the performance of a computer system. Discuss what role a cache can play in boosting up the performance of a computer system? (5 Marks)
Answer:
A CPU cache is a cache used by the central processing unit of a computer to reduce the average time to access memory it is different as compare to the main memory which is used to copy data from the secondary storage it store the data inside the page file and then take it from there as compare to cache memory it exists inside the cpu and directly gives the data to cpu to process the instructions lets see a figure which will make it more clear. The cache is a smaller, faster memory which stores copies of the data from the most frequently used main memory locations. As long as most memory accesses are cached memory locations, the average latency of memory accesses will be closer to the cache latency than to the latency of main memory. It is Volatile memory, also known as volatile storage, (vusolutions) is computer memory that requires power to maintain the stored information,When the processor needs to read from or write to a location in main memory, it first checks whether a copy of that data is in the cache. If so, the processor immediately reads from or writes to the cache, which is much faster than reading from or writing to main memory. Most modern desktop and server CPUs have at least three independent caches: an instruction cache to speed up executable instruction fetch, a data cache to speed up data fetch and store, and a translation [vu solutions] lookaside buffer (TLB) used to speed up virtual-to-physical address translation for both executable instructions and data. Data cache is usually organized as a hierarchy of more cache levels which are L1 and L2 etc.
Q.2. Generally there is a concept that “Memory” and “Storage” are same terms. Do you agree? Justify your opinion with a real life example. (5 Marks)
Answer:
AS we know nowadays these are very common terms which we use in our daily life so for that you called mostly the Ram as the memory of the system and the Storage device which is called the hard disk or Flash (Usb) memory or can be a memory card. So what’s the difference between them lets see it in real life that in Memory which is Volatile (vusolutions) and need powers to maintain if the electricity is off then it is going to wash each and everything. As compare to the Sorage Non-Volatile memory which doesn’t need the power all the time when the data is store to it and power went off next time you can see the data inside it. As we can see a new functions which start from the Xp Windows Os from Microsoft. Hibernate it store the data to the hard drive from the Memory You can say the Memory to storage when you hibernate the system it will open next time all the files and applications where you were working. So it’s an example from real life.
Q3).Convert the following Octal Number to Hexadecimal Number by writing each and every step of conversion process: (5 Marks) (53324)8 => (?)16
First we will convert this to binary to decimal
(53324)8 = 5*8^4+3*8^3+3*8^2+2*8^1+4*8^0
(53324)8 = 5*4096+3*512+3*64+2*8+4*1
(53324)8 = 20480+1536+192+16+4
(53324)8 = (22228)10
Now converting into hexadecimal
16 | 22228 | |
16 | 1389 | 4 |
16 | 186 | (13) D |
5 | 6 |
So the hexa decimal equivalent is (56D4)16
Another Solution:
Another Solution:
Answer # 1
Cache is collection of duplicate data, that is used by central processing unit of a computer to reduce the average time to access memory it is different as compare to the main memory which is used to copy data from the secondary storage it store the data inside the page file and then take it from there. Cache is a smaller, faster memory which stores copies of the data from the most frequently used main memory locations. When microprocessor get any data he calls first cache chip if not available there then called same from the main memory. As long as most memory accesses are cached memory locations, the average latency of memory accesses will be closer to the cache latency than to the latency of main memory. It is volatile memory also known as volatile storage. Most modern desktop and server CPUs have at least three independent caches, an instruction cache to speed up executable instruction fetch, a data cache to speed up data fetch and store, and a translation look aside buffer used to speed up virtual to physical address translation for both executable instructions and data. Data cache is usually organized as a hierarchy of more cache levels. Cache has two types one work sepreatly and has slow speed, second not separate; work with microprocessor and faster than regular RAM. Cache chip in small size assist to microprocessor, but make short time to assess, resulting in a boost in performance. Accessing the cached copy make future access to data
Answer # 2
As we know nowadays these are very common terms which we use in or daily life so for that you called mostly the Ram as the memory of system and the storage device which is called hard disk or Flash (UBS) memory or can be memory card. Storage and memory are two different terms but play same role for receiving and transferring of data in computer. The difference between them is volatile and non volatile. When electricity goes off everything is wash or finish that is in volatile memory, as compare to the storage Non volatile memory which does not need the power all the time when the data store to it and power went off next time you see the data inside it. In the real life example we see a new function which starts from the Xp windows Os from Microsoft (Hibernate) it store the data to the hard drive from the memory we can say the memory to storage when we hibernate the system it will open next time all the files and application where we were working. So it is an example from real life.
Answer # 3
(53324) ^8
Firstly convert octal data to decimal
(53324)8 = 5*8^4 +3*8^3+3*8^2+2*8^1+4*8^0
(53324)8 = 5*4096+3*512+3*64+2*8+4*1
(53324)8 = 20480+1536+192+16+4
(53324)8 = (22228)10
Now converting into hexadecimal
| 16 | 22228 | |
| 16 | 1389 | 4 |
| 16 | 186 | (13) D |
| | 5 | 6 |
So the hexa decimal equivalent is (56D4)16
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